D 629 BKcation No. 8 

1919a 
Copy 1 



PORTS OF THE AMERICAN 
RED CROSS COMMISSIONS 

"upon their activities in MACEDONIA, 

THRACE, BULGARIA, THE iEGEAN 

ISLANDS AND GREECE 



PUBLISHED BY PERMISSION OF THE 
AMERICAN RED CROSS 

FOR TEE 

AMERICAN-HELLENIC SOCIETY 

COLUMBIA UNIVEBS3TT, NEW YOBK 
BY 

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMERICAN BRANCH 

as WEST 38ND 8TRBET, NBW YORK 

1919 






OBJECTS OF THE SOCIETY 



The American-Hellenic Society is organized for the 
general purpose of extending and encouraging among 
the citizens of the United States of America an inter- 
est in the cultural and political relations between the 
United States and Greece; and in particular to promote 
educational relationships, including the establishment of 
exchange professorships in the Universities of the 
United States and Greece, as a means to diffuse knowl- 
edge of the literature and political institutions of the 
United States throughout Greece, and to encourage in 
America the study of the ancient and modern Hellenic 
language and literature; and further to defend the just 
claims of Greece in particular and of Hellenism in 
general. 



11^ .:(., v,.-l-:,;.-, .' -T?,, 



A /, 



REPORTS OF THE AMERICAN 
RED CROSS COMMISSIONS 

UPON THEIR ACTIVITIES IN MACEDONIA, 

THRACE, BULGARIA, THE iEGEAN 

ISLANDS AND GREECE 



PUBLISHED BY PERMISSION OF THE 
AMERICAN RED CROSS 

FOR THE 

AMERICAN-HELLENIC SOCIETY 

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK 
BY 

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMERICAN BRANCH 

35 WEST 32nd STREET, NEW YORK 

1919 



Gift 

Society 
<^CT 25 19J8 



^^t^^l 






INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION'S REPORT 
PRAISES RED CROSS 

(From the Red Cross Bulletin of Paris, May 17, 1919:) 

Athens^ Sunday. — The International Commission of 
Inquiry into the excesses committed by the Bulgars in 
Eastern Macedonia throughout the two years of Bul- 
garian occupation, after enumerating the various crimes, 
assassinations, robberies and wholesale deportations, 
praises the work of the American Red Cross. 

"The devotion of the American Red Cross is above 
all eulogies," says the report. "Its work in eastern 
Macedonia has been magnificent, and not only the Greek 
nation but all humanity owes it an eternal debt of gi'at- 
itude." 

The report of the International Commission shows that 
of 339 villages with a total population of 305,000, more 
than 32,000 died of hunger, of assassination and of dis- 
ease induced by bad treatment, and that 12,000 died in 
captivity in Bulgaria. Ninety-four villages were totally 
destroyed. 



REPATRIATION OF GREEKS 

Salonika (By Mail) .—Lieut. A. S. Bedell, in charge 
of the American Red Cross relief stations in Macedonia 
and Bulgaria, gives some interesting "human interest" 
details on the life led by the American Red Cross nurses 
and field workers during the repatriation of Greeks de- 
ported into Bulgaria during the war. 

"We came into Bulgaria on a German freight car," 
says Lieut. Bedell in his report. "This Red Cross car 
was the first car of the first train that ran from Serres to 
Salonika after the signing of the armistice and it was 
with the Red Cross from the time we entered Bulgaria 
until we returned to Greece. 

"It was used to distribute the personnel at the stations 
beyond Xanthi and carried three ladies and four men, 
part of whom occupied the car for six days. The fur- 
niture consisted of personal baggage, including blanket 
rolls, a charcoal burner and one sack of charcoal and ra- 
tions for the personnel. 

"On the trip out of Bulgaria greater comfort was 
sought and secured. The party consisted of one lady 
and four men. The car left Tyrnovo-Siemen, Bulgaria, 
and went straight through to Athens. At Tyrnovo the 
car was fitted up as a 'home,' the walls covered with 
blankets to insure warmth, and the lady's apartment cur- 
tained off at one end with a blanket. 

"We had one iron bed, two camp cots, and one Red 
Cross man slept on crates of biscuit tins, the bed being 
demountable to furnish five chairs by day. The Red 
Cross man turned over frequently in the night, bringing 
discord from the tins, but despite our protests at his 
noisy mode of sleeping he declared that he had a 'rattling 
good bed.' 

"Firewood was obtainable along the route and we were 



able to use our wood stove after cutting a hole in the 
side of the car for the stove pipe. Cupboards were nailed 
to the side of the car for eating utensils, a packing case 
of food supplies acted as a kitchen- table which was placed 
between the beds so that the latter could serve as chairs. 

"Liquid food proved to be our only difficulty. It was 
impossible to boil even half an inch of water on the stove 
when the car was in motion. The continual jolting of 
the car, hour after hour, certainly sti-ained our tempers 
when we were thirsty. 

"Surgical shirts were the only available material for 
towels, table cloth and cooking apron. We had a real 
American coffee grinder. The coffee beans were put in 
a clean sock and one of the men to the tune of 'Yankee 
Doodle' would crush the beans with a hammer. 

"When chicken was needed for dinner one of the party 
would go out with half a cup of sugar in hand, wander 
about the village until he saw a 'likely' chicken which he 
would thereupon seize. The native woman who made 
the greatest outcry was presumed to be the owner and 
usually was very glad to accept the half cup of sugar in 
exchange. Our much maligned ration of 'bully beef 
proved to be most acceptable, as Miss Johnston, one of 
the unit, discovered fifty-seven varieties of serving it. 

"Bartering was the order of the day at all stations. 
A slice of bread would secure three shines, fill a large 
water jar or secure the carriage of supplies. During 
our last afternoon in Dedeagatch, on the ^gean Sea, 
we had a horse and wagon all afternoon, in order to 
return borrowed furniture, for the payment of one tin 
of bully beef. 

"The fame of American Red Cross relief stations 
spread throughout Bulgaria to such an extent that other 
American Red Cross workers and British and French 
officers, including two French generals, sought us out 
in passing to secure a canteen of hot tea or to replenish 
their depleted rations." 



HOSTILE ATTITUDE OF THE BULGARIANS 

In spite of the hostile attitude of the Bulgars the repa- 
triation of Greeks forcibly removed from their homes in 
Eastern Macedonia by the Bulgars has been virtually 
completed. The world may never know how many men, 
women and children lost their lives through the deporta- 
tions, but that tens of thousands died is certain. Reports 
just received at National Headquarters of the American 
Red Cross say that the Bulgars claim less than 60,000 
Greek civilians were interned in Bulgaria, but the Greeks 
place the number at more than 100,000, the difference in 
the figures doubtless representing the deaths of Greeks 
from starvation, exposure and general bad treatment. 

The dispatch with which the repatriation was handled 
was due in large part to the strong representations made 
to the Allied. Control, which brought pressure to bear on 
the Bulgarian authorities, while the co-operation of the 
British, French and Greek missions that went to Sofia 
after the armistice was signed was also enlisted. The 
hostility of the Bulgars led them into refusing to per- 
mit the Red Cross workers to enter Bulgaria, despite 
authority from Gen. D'Esperey, the Allied Commander- 
in-Chief, but this was overcome as were Bulgar efforts 
to prevent the establishment of canteens for the return- 
ing Greeks. 

One of the first problems in the repatriation work was 
locating the imprisoned Greeks in the remote parts of 
Bulgaria. The Greek Red Cross rendered invaluable aid 
in this phase of the work, the American Red Cross Mis- 
sion to Greece attending to the evacuation. At Kara- 
gatch the Bulgars denied there were any Greek refugees, 
but more than 1,200 were found within a two-hour walk 
from the railroad station. About 10,000 Greeks were 
taken out of the Dobrudja and from the Varna and 
Plevna concentration camps. 



The condition of the rescued Greeks was such that in 
spite of all that could be done for them many died 
before reaching their native land. At all of the food 
and clothing stations established by the Red Cross one 
of the many tasks the American men and women had to 
perform was to dig graves for Greeks who died of star- 
vation and disease. All the while nurses bathed and fed 
the children of the refugees and cared for the sick, while 
other Red Cross workers, by pure American bluff, se- 
cured the release of Greeks unjustly imprisoned, de- 
manded permits for the transport of cattle owned by the 
refugees and clothed the unfortunates, all during the 
limited time that the refugees' trains stopped for fuel 
or more passengers. An idea of the extent of the work 
undertaken by the Red Cross mission may be gained 
from the fact that on one day 126 carloads of refugees 
containing 7,150 persons were provided with 12,500 ra- 
tions. On another occasion, at Tyrnovo-Siemen, 1,500 
refugees were given rations, the sick given emergency 
attention, 385 were clothed, 1,637 garments were dis- 
tributed, five refugees buried and the train started for 
Dedeagatch, all within five hours. 

Although the repatriation work is considered about 
finished it is claimed by the Greeks that thousands of 
their people are still held by the Bulgars. They assert 
that the Bulgars have added an "off" to the names of 
thousands of Greek children to deceive Greek investi- 
gators and prevent the return of these children to their 
homes. It is also claimed by the Greeks that of 32,000 
Greek soldiers imprisoned in Bulgaria, nearly 20,000 
died, while the Bulgarian Minister of War, Liaptchew, 
makes the amazing assertion that only 11,345 armed 
Greeks were taken and that exactly that number were 
returned to their own country. 

Although the repatriation problem is disappearing 
there still remains a vast amount of work for the Mis- 
sion to Greece. In common with the rest of the Near 



6 

East, Greece is very short of medical supplies and equip- 
ment of all kinds. Hospital patients lie on boards upon 
which the only bedding is a thin blanket and because of 
the neglect of native authorities to recognize the menace 
of flies as germ-carriers, there is a dangerous plague of 
flies. It is these conditions that the Mission is now seek- 
ing to overcome. 

With a large amount of relief already administered 
and the whole task thoroughly organized the American 
Red Cross Commission to Greece is playing an impor- 
tant part in lifting that ancient land to its feet, according 
to a report from Lieut. Col. Edward Capps, head of the 
commission, which has just reached national headquar- 
ters. The activities of the conmiission have been many 
and varied and while the problems have been difficult, 
particularly through obstructive tactics by the Bulga- 
rians, the workers have been greatly aided by the Greek 
Government officials and the Allied military authorities. 
Up to January 21st, the commission spent $68,860 and 
estimated that $1,305,000 would be needed to carry on 
the work through the first six months of this year. 

The first steps taken by the commission after its ar- 
rival embraced investigation of conditions in Eastern 
Macedonia, the ^gean Islands and Southern Epirus. 
This led to the inauguration of relief work in two dis- 
tricts before the first of the year, in Eastern Macedonia 
and in Mitylene, the largest of the ^gean group. In 
Eastern Macedonia stations for the distribution of cloth- 
ing and food to the deported Greeks who were returning 
to their homes were established at Kavalla, Pangseon, 
Xanthi, Dedeagatch, Tyrnovo-Siemen and Serres, and 
at Drama a warehouse was located. Daily rations is- 
sued in this district totaled over 411,000; 32,600 refugees 
were assisted and 11,400 garments were distributed. In 
the Islands, 52,000 rations provided by the Greek Gov- 
ernment were distributed, 26,000 refugees were assisted 
and over 64,000 garments were given out. The work 



spread into Bulgaria and there nearly 60,000 rations 
were distributed, 35,000 refugees assisted and 68,800 
garments given out. 

Problems of transportation were among the first with 
which the commission had to grapple and before they 
were solved many means of locomotion, from ox-carts 
to submarine chasers of the American Navy, were em- 
ployed, through the co-operation of official agencies. Up 
to January 1st all transportation, by land or by sea, and 
supplies for the commission personnel were provided by 
the Greek Government or by the British Army. In 
Athens camions were furnished by the Greek Govern- 
ment. In Eastern Macedonia the British Army per- 
formed a like service on the mountain road between 
Kavalla and Drama. Transportation into the mountain 
district of Panggeon was at first by ox-teams, requi- 
sitioned by the Governor of Thessalonica, which were 
later replaced by mule transport provided by the Greek 
Army. All supplies shipped by sea from Italy to Greece, 
from Piraeus to Salonika, and from Salonika or Stavros 
to Kavalla, have been carried on ships requisitioned by 
the Greek Government. Sea transportation at Mitylene 
was provided at first by steam and gasoline launches fur- 
nished by the Governor of Lesbos, and later by six sub- 
marine chasers of the American Navy which carry per- 
sonnel and relief supplies to the various portions of the 
Island that must be reached by sea. 

The establishment of ouvroirs, or centers, for the man- 
ufacture of clothing for the needy, was early undertaken 
by the commission and on December 12th the first was 
opened in an Athens schoolhouse. By January 1st, this 
shop turned out 3,750 garments but has since increased 
its capacity to a weekly average of about 7,000 garments 
and now employs 350 sewers. Additional ouvroirs have 
been established on the Islands of Chios, Samos and 
Mitylene, and at Kavalla and Serres, in Macedonia, 
while plans are being made for still another at Drama. 



8 

The most immediate need for the relief of soldiers* 
families in Athens and vicinity was found to be the 
feeding and care of babies. There has been plenty of 
work for the wives of soldiers and for refugee women 
but it has been difficult to find food for the children and 
some one to care for the infants when their mothers are 
working. The commission established a baby clinic and 
is arranging lecture courses on the care of children 
throughout the country. 

The commission has been conducting through its soil 
experts investigations looking to increased agricultural 
production. It has opened an artificial limb factory and 
is cariying on extensive Home Service AVork, which is 
very effective in taking care of the Greek dependents 
of American soldiers. 

The personnel of the Commission to Greece at the 
beginning of the year totaled fifty-seven and there were 
twenty-two Greeks associated with the work. The sign- 
ing of the armistice necessitated a change in the organi- 
zation of the commission and through this the work was 
divided into districts. Major Horace S. Oakley was 
placed in charge of Macedonia, and Major A. Winsor 
Weld in charge of the ^gean Islands. 



CHILD WELFARE IN GREECE 

Athens (By Mail). — Courses in child welfare have 
been instituted in Greece by the American Red Cross 
Mission to the Balkans. These are under the direction 
of Dr. Samuel J. Walker, Superintendent of St. Luke's 
Hospital, Chicago, and Major Clifford W. Barnes of 
New York. The courses include a series of lectures in 
Greek on infant care by Dr. Doxiades of Athens. These 
lectures are attended by Greek school teachers from all 
parts of the country. These young women are now be- 



9 

ginning to instruct others in their districts in infant 
hygiene and welfare. By a systematic campaign it is 
hoped to counteract the tremendous loss of life due to the 
war by conserving the lives of the babies, the future 
bread-winners of the nation. 

The question of repopulation is a vital one to Greece 
and both the saving of the hves of her infants and the 
reclamation of orphans hidden away by the Bulgars in 
the occupied territories are being given the closest atten- 
tion by the Greek Government. 

The American Red Cross has also established a num- 
ber of infant welfare clinics. At these clinics young 
Greek women, many of them of the highest class of so- 
ciety, are instructed in infant welfare, trained as nurses' 
aides and given clinical demonstration as to how children 
should be treated and how to distinguish the various 
types of children's diseases. 

The course of the Red Cross clinic requires about three 
weeks and those who undertake it are expected to begin 
work upon its completion among the poor of Athens and 
elsewhere in Greece and to instruct mothers how to care 
properly for their children. The American Red Cross 
is now preparing an extensive advertising campaign with 
"literature" in Greek to be distributed throughout the 
country among mothers. 



WRETCHED CONDITION OF REFUGEES 

Athens, Greece, April. — Five months after the sign- 
ing of the armistice the condition of refugees through- 
out the Near East remains frightful in spite of all that 
has been done in their behalf. Thousands are swaddled 
in filthy rags, without shoes, and all are exhausted from 
lack of food, exposure, overwork and abuse. They ar- 
rive in droves at the American Red Cross relief stations. 



10 

having been without food of any kind for days. Women 
walk into the stations with dead babies in their arms. 
Young girls, driven insane by the treatment they have 
received, are common sights, while the children are but 
living skeletons. 

Greek refugees, who were victims of the Bulgarian 
occupation and deportations, arrive at Red Cross sta- 
tions in every conceivable conveyance. On the trains 
they find room, when the box-cars can hold no more, on 
the roofs, the trucks and on and under the artillery and 
field kitchens on the flat cars. In the box-cars they stand 
shoulder to shoulder, unable to sit or lie down, sur- 
rounded by filth and misery. The sick and starving die 
in the cars and are unceremoniously removed whenever 
opportunity offers. 

Arriving at distribution points the refugees make their 
way on foot or in army camions to their old homes, only 
to find the habitations they were forced to leave leveled 
to the ground. And here is seen one of the most pa- 
thetic features of the condition of returning Greek vic- 
tims of Bulgar barbarity, their utterly broken spirit. 
They evince absolutely no interest in life and apparently 
have little ambition for the future. They accept what- 
ever is done for them in an apathetic, listless way and 
their demeanor of hopeless dejection scarcely ever varies. 
It will be many months before their crops of tobacco 
and wheat are ready to market and in the meantime the 
Greek Government and the American Red Cross must 
take care of them. 

The Red Cross expedition into Bulgaria everywhere 
found the worst possible conditions in the Greek deten- 
tion camps. The Greeks called the trains "railway 
hearses," a name that fitted them closely. Although the 
terms of the armistice stipulated that Bulgaria transport 
all Allied subjects out of the country free of charge, 
Sofia issued orders that full fares be obtained from the 
almost penniless refugees for their journey home. In ad- 



11 

dition to this, the refugees were jammed into box-cars at 
the point of Bulgarian bayonets, until absolutely no more 
could be squeezed in. At one point Red Cross workers 
counted 110 helpless men, women and children standing 
upright in a freight car intended for only forty persons 
or eight horses. At Narli-Kiu 486 persons were found 
herded miserably in six box-cars. They had been with- 
out food for three whole days when the American Red 
Cross men found them. They threw themselves upon 
the loaves of bread like animals and then knelt down in 
the mud and invoked God's blessing on America. 

During the Bulgar occupation of Macedonia more 
than 100,000 Greeks, men, women and children, were 
carried into Bulgaria and compelled to do the hardest 
manual labor without proper food, shelter or clothing. 
This resulted in general physical breakdowns and enor- 
mous loss of life. An example of the terrible effect of 
the outrage perpetrated by the Bulgars was found at 
Tyrnovo-Siemen station when 1,475 Greek refugees, 
nearly all clothed in but a single garment made of bur- 
lap bags, arrived after surviving two years of captivity 
in Bulgaria. Originally there were 6,000 men, women 
and children in this group but more than 4,500 had died 
through the treatment they received. 

Concrete examples of how the Greek population of 
Macedonia has been decimated by the Bulgars are now 
coming to light. Here are a few cases: 

The town of Kioumkioy before the war had a popula- 
tion of 2,690. More than 500 of these men and women 
died in Bulgaria from starvation and disease. 

Of 850 men and boys carried off by the Bulgarians 
from Rodolivos, 150 are known to have died in exile. 
Of 660 houses in the town 210 were wantonly destroyed 
by the Bulgars. Of 30,000 sheep formerly pastured near 
the town none are left and of 1,500 cattle only 50 are 
left. 

From the town of Semalto 180 men were deported and 



12 

seventy of these are known to have died. Only four 
houses out of 270 in the town remain standing. 

More than 180 inhabitants of Vitasta died of starva- 
tion during the Bulgar occupation. 

In the Pangaion district more than thirty villages were 
destroyed by the Bulgars. Kavalla, Senses and other 
towns lost more than half of their populations. 

Red Cross workers report from Macedonia that hun- 
dreds of returning Greek refugees have infected eyes 
and many have become blind. Thousands have various 
forms of rash, and puffed and swollen bodies, due to 
inanition, are common, the health of many of the children 
being undermined for life. 

Wherever possible, the American Red Cross workers 
have taken the sick and injured refugees to Allied hos- 
pitals. Pneumonia and consumption are common among 
those forced, to work in the Bulgarian mines, sometimes 
for hours at a time, waist-deep in freezing water, and the 
legs of many have had to be amputated because of frozen 
feet. 

Food and clothing stations have now been established 
by the Red Cross at Serres, Kavalla, Thasos, Demir- 
Hissar (assisted by the British Red Cross), Drama, 
Oxilar, Xanthi and in the Panggeon district. Soup and 
food kitchens have also been set up at all these points. 
Hospitals have been located at Serres, Drama and Ka- 
valla, and at Serres a workshop is in operation. Public 
buildings damaged by the Bulgars have been repaired 
sufficiently to acconmiodate many refugees. 



KING ALEXANDER OF GREECE THANKS 
AMERICAN RED CROSS 

Athens, Greece, April. (By Cable). — King Alex- 
ander today received the members of the American Red 
Cross Commission to the Balkans and thanked them for 



13 

what the American people, through their Red Cross, 
have done for the needy thousands in his country. He 
praised the work of the American rehef organization in 
feeding, clothing and providing medical treatment for 
tens of thousands of refugees in Macedonia. The arti- 
ficial limb factory established in this city by the Red 
Cross for the benefit of disabled Greek soldiers came in 
for special praise from the King. He had just returned 
from a visit to the factory, which is under the super- 
vision of Captain Claude Marble Sherrill of New York 
and Lieutenant Harry Longacre of Brooklyn. The ma- 
terials used in the factory come from America. 

The Red Cross Mission is headed by Lieut. Col. 
Henry F. Anderson of Richmond, Va. Lieut. Col. Ed- 
ward Capps of Princeton, N. J., who has been engaged 
in Red Cross work in Greece since October, was thanked 
by King Alexander for the assistance rendered by the 
doctors and nurses under his direction in checking the 
spread of typhus. The agricultural survey of Greece 
now being made by experts engaged by the Red Cross 
was also referred to by King Alexander. He expressed 
the hope that the adoption of American methods would 
increase the productivity of the soil. 

Evidence of the terrible experiences of Greeks who 
have returned from captivity in Bulgaria continues to 
pile up in advices reaching the American Red Cross from 
its workers in Greece. Typical of these is a report of one 
day's work by Lieut. Abner Cobb of Denver, Colo., at 
his Red Cross relief station at Xanthi. 

With the assistance of two Greek boys, Lieut. Cobb 
was able to feed nearly a thousand people on rations of 
bread, soup and rice, that day being able to add "bully 
beef" to the dole. He also administered to the sick. 

There were forty-eight cars jammed with humanity, 
forty to sixty persons to a car, not to speak of livestock. 
On the car a baby was born amid indescribable con- 



14 

ditions. There was much sickness due to under-feeding, 
colds, malaria, dysentery, bad teeth, sore eyes, plain star- 
vation and a shocking need of disinfectants, baths and 
clean clothes. 

In one car a girl who had been mistreated lost her 
mind and power of speech. Thin to emaciation and 
piteously frightened she hid in the corner of the car, 
whimpering like a lost animal. There were similar cases. 
***** Dozens of children were suffering from 
sore eyes and several were already blind. All were bare- 
footed and, like their elders, in rags. 

On this train also was the Governor of Zechni and his 
wife, both pitifully wasted. They had been deported 
to Shumla, Bulgaria, eighteen months before with ninety- 
seven others from their town. Thirty-seven of this party 
died of ill-treatment by the Bulgarians. 

Further on, at Buk, was a train of ten cars that had 
been rationed by the Red Cross the day before at Xanthi, 
from which two women were taken dead from exhaus- 
tion due to their previously weakened condition. 



U. S. NAVY CO-OPEBATES AVITH AMERI- 
CAN RED CROSS IN GREECE 

Athens (By Mail). — In its already extensive and 
growing work in the Greek Islands, the American Red 
Cross has the co-operation of the United States Navy. 
Six submarine chasers have been placed at the disposal 
of the Red Cross and personnel and supplies are thus 
transported to the various islands where refugees are 
concentrated. 

In the Island of Mitylene, the condition of the Greek 
refugees who fled there from Asia Minor five years ago 
has become desperate. Red Ci-oss workers are regularly 
visiting all the towns of the Island and gifts of clothing 



15 

have been made to about 25,000 of the 52,000 refugees. 

At the outbreak of the war in 1914 the Greeks were 
driven out of Asia Minor. There were about 3,000,000 
of them there before the war. More than 500,000 es- 
caped to the islands in the ^gean, thousands were mas- 
sacred and the remainder were driven out of their homes 
by the Turks and sent inland. The latter are now re- 
turning to their homes to find them destroyed or occu- 
pied by Turks who refuse to move. Before the Allied 
occupation armed bands of Turks roamed the country- 
side, plundering and murdering Greeks wherever found. 

The refugees in the ^gean Islands intend to return 
to Asia Minor as soon as conditions permit. At present 
the Greek Government gives each refugee six cents a 
day in addition to the help extended by the American 
Red Cross. 

The American Red Cross is devoting much attention 
to the prevention of further epidemics such as the typhus 
epidemic at Mitylene which took such a heavy toll. Ef- 
forts are being made to relieve the overcrowded unsani- 
tary conditions which enable epidemics to gain headway. 

Food is scanty and costly in the Islands and most of 
the refugees are underfed, even in the large towns where 
conditions are better than in the outlying villages. The 
clothing situation is the worst, for after they have bought 
food the purchase of clothes is out of the question for 
the refugees. Nearly all of them are in rags. The hos- 
pitals on the Islands are short of medicine and other sup- 
plies and have been badly crowded on account of the 
prevalence of influenza. 

Clothing, blankets and medicine are needed on all the 
Islands. Canned meat for broth is wanted in the hos- 
pitals. The American Red Cross is supplying clothing 
to the refugees. 

American women run the workshops where clothing 
is made up into garments on the three islands of Mity- 
lene, Chios and Samos. American Red Cross men field- 



16 

workers often travel on donkeyback up into the villages 
in the mountains distributing food and clothing. Ameri- 
can doctors and nurses distribute medicine and attend to 
the sick. 

Mitylene is 45 miles long and 30 miles broad. Its 
chief industries are olive and tobacco growing. Of the 
52,000 refugees on the island 22,000 are in the town of 
Mitylene and its suburbs, the rest are scattered about 
in 62 villages. 

Chios is about half the size of Mitylene. Olives and 
wild shrubs are the chief products of the island. Of the 
20,000 refugees part are sheltered in old houses and the 
rest in wooden barracks 150 feet long and 20 feet wide, 
each barrack being divided down the middle with bag- 
ging and old carpets and subdivided into rooms, each 
accommodating a family of from five to ten persons. All 
the families in each barrack use a common clay hearth 
at which they do their cooking. 

A delicious sweet wine is made on the Island of Samos, 
which has an area of 280 square miles. Tobacco is also 
grown. The Islands of Lemnos, Imbros, Tenedos and 
Samothrace are now being served with Red Cross sup- 
plies from Mitylene, Oinousa from Chios and Ikaria 
from Samos. 

When the American Red Cross officers arrived at 
Mitylene with their cargo of supplies, scenes of the great- 
est enthusiasm took place. The party was escorted to a 
carriage, the horses were unhitched and the carriage 
drawn by a cheering crowd to the residence of the Gov- 
ernor General. 

Demonstrations were continuous in front of the hotel 
occupied by the Red Cross officers. A band of four 
pieces did its best, and local orators succeeded each other 
with speeches of welcome. The Governor General com- 
mandeered a private home and placed it at the. disposal 
of the American Red Cross. All living expenses were 
paid by the Greek Government. 



17 

The Greek refugees on Mitylene Island were found 
housed in an old Venetian fortress and in abandoned 
Turkish houses vacated by the Tui'ks in 1913 when the 
Island passed from Turkish to Greek rule. The houses 
are on the point of collapse. There is no furniture in 
them and no fuel to heat them. 

There are no beds or bedding in the houses. Such 
bedding as there is in a few hovels is a patchwork of 
rags. Sanitary conditions in and around the houses are 
particularly bad. 

Families of eight or ten persons were often found 
crowded into a single room. In the city of Mitylene 
each family, irrespective of its size, was limited to a sin- 
gle room. At present the refugees are made up of old 
or infirm men, women and children. Most of the able- 
bodied men have left either to enter the Greek Army or 
to work at Salonika and other army centers. 

Infant mortality was very high before the arrival of 
the American Red Cross. Starving babies were fre- 
quently found. Owing to inadequate clothing, lack of 
nutrition and care, many died soon after birth. Illness 
among children and adults from malnutrition was com- 
mon and tuberculosis was gaining headway everywhere. 

Typhus took a heavy toll and the conditions under 
which the refugees live made a recurrence of the disease 
to be feared at any time. Medical attention was almost 
wholly lacking and as a result the disease spread rapidly. 
Isolated cases still exist. 

In many towns there are no doctors or medical sup- 
plies and the American Red Cross is now working hard 
to remedy these deficiencies. 



TYPHUS IN HERZEGOVINA 

MosTAR^ Herzegovina, March 25. — All the hospitals 
of Herzegovina and Bosnia are full of sick and 



18 

wounded soldiers, returned from Austria, and many 
civilians, suffering from typhus and other diseases, are 
receiving aid from the American Red Cross, which has 
sent several doctors and nurses here and a large quantity 
of medicines and clothing. This assistance proved most 
timely, as a large number of patients were dying daily 
of septic wounds and poor medical attendance. In some 
cases, paper surgical dressings were being used. In 
others, old dressings, unwashed and unsterilized, were 
employed. 

The Red Cross Mission, which is in charge of Captain 
F. C. Thwaits of Milwaukee, Wis., has relief stations 
at Ragusa, Spalato, Sarajevo, Mostar and other points. 
It is turning its attention to clothing the destitute, caring 
for the sick, and improving sanitary methods with a view 
to the prevention of typhus. It is co-operating with the 
United States Food Famine Commission, which is dis- 
tributing flour and fats to the poor. 



GOVERNOR GENERAL OF MACEDONIA 
THANKS RED CROSS 

Washington, D. C, May. — Gratitude to the American 
people for the assistance given to Greece by the Ameri- 
can Red Cross is contained in the following message 
received at Red Cross Headquarters from M. Adossides, 
Governor General of Macedonia: 

"I desire to express to the American people the pro- 
found sentiments and unfailing gratitude of Greece and 
especially of the Eastern Macedonian population for the 
magnificent work which the American Red Cross has 
done for our nation. Into Macedonia, which a trai- 
tor King had delivered to the Bulgarians, who in three 
years' occupation starved, sacked and robbed the in- 
habitants and left the country in ruins and desolation. 



19 

the American Red Cross came as soon as Greece was de- 
livered to bestow upon her kindness, secm-ity and a new 
life. 

"Under the leadership of Col. Edward Capps, pro- 
fessor of Princeton University, who has placed all 
energy, all his heart, all his intelligence in the cause 
which he is serving, the following men have done splen- 
did work: 

"Major Horace S. Oakley, Chicago. 

"Major Carl E. Black, Jacksonville, 111. 

"Major C. W. Barnes, Lake Forest, 111. 

"B. H. Hill, Bristol, Vermont, Director American 
Arch^ological School, Athens. 

"Major Alfred F. James, Milwaukee, Wis. " 

"Major A. W. Wells, Chestnut Hill, Mass. 

"Major Samuel J. Walker, Chicago. 

"C. W. Blegen, Minneapolis, Secretary American 
School, Athens. 

"Major Henry B. Dewing, Princeton, N. J. 

"Captain Redden W. Adams, Boston, Ga. 

"A veritable little army of philanthropists came over- 
seas through the initiative of George Horton, Consul 
General of the United States at Salonika, and gave us 
an example of mutual help and humanitarian solidarity 
which could come only from the heart of a great nation. 

"All these able men, doctors, lawyers, journalists, 
bankers, who have left their homes, their families, their 
interests, who have come from such a distance volun- 
tarily to help a people yesterday still unknown to them 
in its effort to rise, have braved fatigue, climate and epi- 
demics to go in all directions into devastated hamlets, 
villages and cities to feed, clothe, comfort, console mul- 
titudes of sick, starving and unfortunate ones whom 
the Bulgarians had not time to exterminate. They even 
went as far as Bulgaria to organize, help to feed and 
repatriate deported Greeks, men, women and children 
who had survived. All these men, not to mention ad- 



20 

mirable women, performed their task without ostenta- 
tion, with a gravity as unpretending as the duty they 
had undertaken, with a courage rivaled by their stoicism, 
with charity, and a bright and cheery generosity. 

"There is also one victim, young Lieut. Edward 
Walker, of Blacksburg, Va., whom the soil of grateful 
Greece has reverently received in its folds. 

"I do not wish to forget to mention the valuable aid 
rendered Greek people by another section of the Ameri- 
can Red Cross, the commission already three years in 
operation for the aid of our Serbian brothers, which is 
now under the management of Major John P. Carey, 
aided by Messrs. Farnum and Barden and many others. 
No matter where there is misery or misfortune to be 
relieved they have always been ready and have worked 
with infinite devotion. 

"American Red Cross workers have combined their 
humanitarian task with a mission of civilization. They 
have proved themselves worthy representatives of the 
moral grandeur of the Nation to which they have the 
honor to belong. In short, they have been a living ex- 
pression of the soul of America. Without the help of 
the American Red Cross, the people in mountainous 
Pangseon region would have starved to death. Greece 
never will forget what the American Red Cross has 
done." 



U. S. ARMS AND LEGS FOR GREEK 
SOLDIERS 

In a small, hastily improvised workshop in Athens, 
American artisans are making light-weight artificial 
limbs for the Greek soldiers who have suffered amputa- 
tion and are at present making their way on crutches 
or stumping about on crude "peg legs" or a cumbersome 
twenty-pound limb of another type. 



21 

These workmen were brought to Athens by the Amer- 
ican Red Cross in behalf of the Department of Recon- 
struction and Re-education, which has been successfully 
organized through the friendly co-operation of M. Con- 
stantine Medas, president of the city council, who has 
long been interested in the problems of the war's maimed. 

The Americans have taken temporary charge of the 
school for the maimed until a Greek superintendent and 
a staff of Greek workmen can be trained to take over the 
establishment. These prospective instructors are study- 
ing under the Americans now. The Greek Government 
plans to supply all soldiers needing them with Ameri- 
can artificial limbs, which are considered superior to 
other types, being light in weight, easily manipulated, 
easily fitted, easily repaired, and comfortable. Men al- 
ready equipped are overjoyed at being able to get about 
easily once more. 

Complete equipment, in the way of modern American 
machinery, apparatus and tools for establishing a thor- 
oughly modern factory, has been shipped to the Greek 
capital. The first large shipment of raw material sent 
by the American Red Cross in Paris has been exhausted. 

The American Red Cross in Greece is also interested 
in a school for the re-education of the maimed, patterned 
after the school of the United States and France, and 
adapted of course to the needs of the Greeks. The Red 
Cross is planning to supply the school with typewriters 
with Greek characters. 

Washington, D. C, May. — The food famine and ty- 
phus epidemic which threatened Serbia have been averted 
through the prompt co-operation of the United States 
Food Administration and the American Red Cross forces 
at work in that country. Word to this effect was re- 
ceived today at Red Cross headquarters from Salonika, 
where American Red Cross commissioners to several of 
the Balkan States met recently to discuss the progress 



22 

of relief work in that part of Europe. Fourteen army 
medical officers, seven Red Cross doctors, six women 
physicians from the American Woman's Hospital, New 
York, and forty-eight nurses, working with the Serbian 
sanitary authorities, have stopped the spread of the dread 
typhus. 

The American medical forces are working under the 
direction of Colonel Edgar Erskine Hume of Frank- 
fort, Ky., and Major Roger C. Perkins of Cleveland, 
Ohio. In addition to assisting all the Serbian hospitals 
the Red Cross in the last few months has distributed 
about 1,500,000 pounds of supplies in the southern part 
of the country, thousands of persons being saved from 
starvation by this action. Orphanages, sewing schools, 
soup kitchens, disinfecting plants and general relief 
stations are being operated by the Red Cross in all the 
important cities. American dentists are fixing the teeth 
of the poor, and farming implements and seeds from the 
United States are being distributed among the peasants. 

Colonel Edward Capps of Princeton, N. J., American 
Red Cross Commissioner for Greece, reported that 50,- 
000 Greek and Serbian refugees have received assist- 
ance from the Red Cross since the armistice. Red Cross 
doctors and nurses assisted in stamping out typhus in 
Macedonia and hundreds of disabled Greek soldiers have 
received artificial limbs from the plant established at 
Athens by the American Relief Organization. Food, 
clothing and medical care have been provided for the 
destitute populations of Mitylene and other islands and 
Greek farmers have been instructed in American meth- 
ods of farming. 



23 



AMERICAN FOOD IN NEAR EAST 

TiGHANi^ Isle of Samos, Mgean Sea. (By Mail) 
May 1. — No matter at what tiny port in the Near East 
one touches, he finds that American flour and foodstuffs 
have been unloaded. Here in the ancient home of Pyth- 
agoras and the tyrant Polycrates, in the town which 
once rivaled ancient Athens, there are thousands of 
refugees driven from Asia Minor during the war by the 
Turks, with American flour and fish from the Turkish 
coast their principal ineans of existence. 

Duck-like Turkish caiques rush out to the American 
food ships which anchor here at intervals and unload 
flour which is distributed on donkeyback to the interior 
of the Island. Both Tighani and Vathy, the latter the 
principal port of the Island of Samos, are now well sup- 
plied with American staple foods. 

American Red Cross representatives, working under 
the direction of Lieut. Col. Henry W. Anderson of 
Richmond, Virginia, see that the food is equitably dis- 
tributed throughout the Island. Other Red Cross field- 
workers perform a like service on the Island of Ikaria. 
In this work Mr. Gregoire Louis-Maro, the American 
vice-consul, is co-operating. 

The inhabitants of Patmos, Leros and Lipso, Greek 
islands, seized a few years ago by the Italians, hope soon 
to be reunited to Greece. Leros boasts that its inhabi- 
tants are direct descendants of the ancient Greeks. The 
Island has changed little from ancient times and the na- 
tives are famous for their classic beauty. Although 
Patmos is only twenty miles from Samos, commerce be- 
tween the two islands is not great, the Greeks alleging 
that the Italians discourage intercourse with the Greek 
islands. 

American food ships make no distinction between the 
Greek and Italian islands, however. Samos receives 



24 

special consideration, for about 10,000 Greek refugees 
from Smyrna and Asia Minor, driven out by the Turks, 
have been living in distress on the Island during the war. 

There are no railroads, no automobiles and only a 
single carriage in Samos, but the lateen-sailed caiques 
carry the American flour and food staples about the 
shore line to points from which donkeys transport them 
into the interior. With their native mastique wine, 
olives, oranges, nuts, figs, fresh fish and American food 
the natives of Samos are now faring not so badly. 

The British cruisers and minesweepers which made 
their base at Port Vathy on Samos are now leaving for 
work on the "Bolshevik-front" in the Black Sea. Dur- 
ing the war the Samos shore was ably defended by Brit- 
ish men-of-war, and daring raids were made across the 
Samsoun Dhag. The British ships also assisted hun- 
dreds of Asia Minor Greeks to cross to Samos and join 
the Greek Army. 

Many American soldiers of Greek parentage are now 
visiting the Greek islands after having fought in France. 
Red Cross girls recently distributing food to refugees 
sitting about on the pink and white marble columns of 
what once was the palace of Polycrates were greeted by 
a group of American soldiers. 

"What are you Americans doing on this far-off is- 
land?" the girls inquired in astonishment. 

"Oh, we've finished up our work along the Rhine," 
one American Greek replied, "and now we've come back 
to the home of our fathers. Right out there in the Straits 
of Mycale was fought the naval battle, second only to 
Salamis, which P^eonios commemorated with his famous 
'Winged Victory.' 

"That was 2,000 years ago. So you see we Greeks 
who fought at Chateau-Thierry and in the Argonne have 
a long military past too." 



25 



ANGLO-AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN 
NEAR EAST 

Island of Crete^ (By Mail) May 1. — The English 
language promises soon to displace French as the lan- 
guage of business and diplomacy. All through the Near 
East the Anglo-American influence has resulted in thou- 
sands of elementary schools instituting English as a 
compulsory language. Even in this Mediterrrean isle, 
the home of Premier Venizelos, instruction in the Eng- 
lish language has been arranged for. 

American scientific agriculturists are now completing 
a survey of the soil possibilities of Crete in the same 
thorough fashion in which they surveyed the Greek main- 
land. Cretan soil is somewhat exhausted by centuries 
of cultivation without replacement of soil food, but with 
an abundant source of water supply in the mountains and 
available fertilizer it is believed much of it will respond 
to proper treatment. 

American farming machinery and up-to-date meth- 
ods are needed and arrangements have been made to 
systematically educate the farmers of Greece and its 
largest island so that they can increase their yield of 
crops. Major G. G. Hopkins of the Illinois Agricul- 
tural Department and Lieutenant C. J. Bouyoucos, a 
native Greek educated in America and a former instruc- 
tor at Michigan Agricultural College, are in charge of 
the American Red Cross Agricultural Survey of Greece 
and Crete. 

About 5,000 refugees from Asia Minor are sheltered 
and fed on the Island of Crete. These are distributed 
in the large towns of Candia, Rethymo and Canea 
and in the small towns of the interior, American Red 
Cross representatives have visited these refugees as 
well as the civilian and military hospitals on the Island 
of Crete, in addition to investigating the conditions of 



26 

the Greek soldiery returned from German prison camps, 
and the townspeople of the island. 

The greatest needs of the inhabitants of the island are 
institutions for the treatment of tuberculosis, medicines 
and medical supplies, blankets and staple foods. The 
Cretans deserve special consideration from America be- 
cause of their proportionately large contribution to the 
fighting strength of the Greek Army in the late war and 
their immediate response to the leadership of Venizelos. 



27 



APPENDIX— REPORT OF A. CHALKIO- 
POULOS, SUBPREFECT AT CAVALLA 

Cavalla, Dec. 22, 1918. 

To the Government Representatives in Drama: 

In reply to your telegram, Number 5317, I have the 
honor to report in detail upon the activities and general 
operations of the American Red Cross in this place, and 
I take advantage of this opportunity to give you infor- 
mation as to the indescribably wretched condition of the 
Greeks returning from Bulgaria, information which I 
have derived from members of the above mentioned Red 
Cross, whose sphere of philanthropic activity extends 
into Bulgaria, even as far as Adrianople itself, and who, 
consequently, in their travels throughout that country 
have, with their own eyes, beheld the dreadful treatment 
that the Greeks have been subjected to before reaching 
their own country. 

The general activity of the American Red Cross, which 
has Cavalla as its base, (whither are brought for distri- 
bution all goods and food supplies), centers particularly 
in the region of Pangseon and in Bulgaria itself. All 
along the railroad line from Dedeagatch to Tyrnovo, 
Red Cross divisions have been established which, with 
the livest interest, assume the task of caring for the half- 
dead refugees and affording them first aid. As I have 
been informed by Captain Johnson, in charge of the 
American Red Cross at Cavalla, who has recently re- 
turned from Bulgaria, they have within a month dis- 
tributed 154,000 pounds of bread. The main work of 
the Red Cross, he went on to say, is by timely assistance 
to save from a certain death those who are now returning 
from Bulgaria. 



28 

If we had not provided them with food in time and 
had not cared for their sick, most of them would indubit- 
ably have perished on the road, from inability to endure 
the tortures to which the Bulgarians subjected them with 
the very object of preventing their safe arrival in Greece. 

The American representative recited a number of 
characteristic details: Thus, just a few days ago, the 
train which was bearing these refugees stopped and left 
900 of them six kilometers from Dedeagatch, where, 
abandoned in the open air, they suffered terribly from 
exposure, and many of them died. 

After the lapse of some time the American Red Cross 
at Dedeagatch was informed of what had happened, and 
compelled the Bulgarian authorities to send a special 
train to pick them up and bring them to Dedeagatch, 
where they arrived Monday morning. Food and medi- 
cine were at once given them, and many were thus res- 
cued from death. 

At Dedeagatch, certain refugees left the train to get 
a drink and were thrown into prison, but the Americans 
hurried up and set them free. 

The women and girls were placed in a separate car. 
While en route Bulgarian officers and soldiers entered 
the car and outraged them. Intervention by Americans 
caused French soldiers to be put as guards in these cars. 

The Americans, taking the above into account, or- 
ganized, even at the smaller way stations, service groups 
to save these victims. 

The general condition of those thus transported Cap- 
tain Johnson described in the following words : "We did 
not receive men but skeletons. This is no mere figure 
of speech but an actual fact. At Dedeagatch we cared 
for men whose legs and arms and whole bodies were 
nothing but skin and bones. The feet of many little 
children were numb and paralyzed. From the weakness 
of starvation they were unable even to stand. Depri- 
vations in Adrianople were indescribable. A loaf of 



29 

bread is worth ten eggs and an egg is valued at thirty 
cents. Sugar in Adrianople is worth fifteen dollars a 
pound. In order to show you the terrible situation of 
these martyrs, let me give you one more illustration. Six 
English nurses died at Dedeagatch and were buried. The 
grave-diggers had no sooner disappeared than the utterly 
naked and starving refugees rushed to disinter them and 
seize their clothes. Such was their need to cover their 
nakedness! Bulgarian hatred of everything Greek is 
unrestrained. In the American Mission was a Greek 
soldier who, while getting coal, was attacked from be- 
hind. I was myself compelled," said Mr. Johnson, show- 
ing wounds on his arms, "to jump in and rescue him from 
the Bulgarians' hands. At all of our posts we buried 
every day five or six people. Latterly, thanks to the 
measures taken, the number of deaths has lessened. We 
strive at every cost to save the dying. Captain Machi- 
nich has now gone there to take my place and he will 
bring us fresh news. There are in Bulgaria today at 
least 7,000 of these exiles." 

Such was the account of this official representative of 
the Red Cross m Bulgaria, an account which is all the 
more significant as confirming our own information. He 
did not fail to declare to me that as long as there are 
Bulgarians in Thrace, there will be no end to their 
beastly atrocities against the Greeks. 

In particular, as to the activity of the Red Cross in 
Cavalla, there will be distributed every day, beginning 
with Christmas, one-third of a pound of bread to all those 
supplied by the kitchen (i. e. 5,000 persons), and rice, 
beans and peas once a week. 

On Christmas Day there will, exceptionally, be dis- 
tributed milk and fruit. Yesterday there arrived on the 
Adriatic for the American Red Cross 300 boxes of 
canned milk, 300 bags of beans, 100 bags of sugar, 40 
bales of blankets, 10 bales of clothing, 30 cases of sewing 
machines and 5 boxes of stockings. Most of these will be 



30 

sent to Bulgaria. Captain Johnson is the representative 
of the Red Cross here, replacing Colonel Wolher, who 
is today leaving for Athens. 

Such, in a few words, are the facts about the Ameri- 
can Red Cross here. 

The local administration is fostering the best of rela- 
tions with the members of the Red Cross and is provid- 
ing every possible assistance in order to facilitate its 
mission; especially is it endeavoring to obtain means of 
transportation, which are now so difficult to find, in order 
to distribute the different goods and supplies. It will 
take all possible steps to induce them to adopt the right 
point of view toward Hellenic rights and through posi- 
tive evidence to inform them about the vandalism per- 
petrated at the time of the Bulgarian invasion, van- 
dalism which only Bulgarian brutality could commit. 
Your obedient servant, 

A. Chalkiopoulos> 

Assistant Governor. 



mw£Mfmm:fmm^'^f^j '^ 



w 



THE AMERICAN-HELLENIC SOCIETY, INCORPORATED 

President 
Nicholas Murray Butler, Ph.D., LL.D. 

Vice-Presidents 
Charles W. Eliot, Ph.D., LL.D. 
Jacob G. Schurman, D.Sc, LL.D. 
Elihu Eoot, LL.D., D.C.L. 



Chairman Executive Committee 
Frederick Cunliflfe-Owen 

Treasurer 
L. J. Calvocoressi 



James M. Beck 
Carroll N". Brown 
Nicholas Murray Butler 
L. J. Calvocoressi 
Frederick E. Coudert 
Frederick Cunlifife-Owen 
Charles W. Eliot 
A. Barton Hepburn 



DiEECTOES 



Theodore P. Ion 
Thomas W. Lament 
Charles R. Miller 
W. Fellowes. Morgan 
Henry Morgenthau 
E. H. Outerbridge 
Alton B. Parker 
Edward D. Perry 



Secretary 
Carroll N. Brown, Ph.D. 



Elihu Eoot 
Petros Tatanis 
Henry W. Sackett 
Jacob G. Schurman 
Oscar S. Straus 
Constantine Voicly 
George M. Whicher 



Regular Members 

Edward W. Forbes 
Austen G. Fox 
P. A. S. Franklin 
A. S. Frissell 
Albert E. Gallatin 
James W. Grerard 
Thos. Dwight Goodell 
RoUin P. Grant 
Charles B. Gulick 
William D. Guthrie 
John Henry Hammond 
William F. Harris 
George Harvey 
Bert Hodge Hill 
Alex. G. Humphreys 
Phoenix Ingraham 
C. N. Jackson 
Walter Jennings 
Willard V. King 
Maurice W. Kosminski 
Benjamin B. Lawrence 
C. W. Littlefield 
Clarence H. Mackay 
Alfred E. Marling 
George Maxwell 
Emerson McMillin 
Walter H. Merrall 
John G. Milbum 
George Higgins Moses 
Stephen M. Newman 
Herbert Noble 
Stephen H. Olin 
James C. Parrish 
Charles Peabody 
P. G. Peabody 



Edward D. Adams 

C. A. Ahlstrom 
LeEoy W. Baldwin 
Peter T. Barlow 
Philip G. Bartlett 
William N. Bates 
Edmund L. Baylies 
Anthony Benachi 
George Blumenthal 
Albert Breton 
Franklin Q. Brown 
Thomas A, Buckner 
Wm. Allen Butler 

D. Callimachos 
Mitchell Carroll 
L. D. Caskey 
George H. Chase 
William A. Clark 
C. A. Coffin 
Howard E. Cole 
John Constas 
N. C. Culolias 
R. Fulton Cutting 
Eobert W. DeForest 
William C. Demorest 
Raphael Demos 
Cleveland H. Dodge 
William H. Dunbar 
Coleman Dupont 
Abram I. Elkus 
Guy Emerson 
Richard E. Enright 
Samuel W. Fairchild 
Frederick E. Farnsworth 
William S. Ferguson 
C. H. Fiske 

All commttnicatiokts to be addressed to the Secretary, The American- 
Hellenic Society, Columbia University, New York 



George Foster Peabody 
Francis K. Pendleton 
David H. G. Penny 
Mrs. R. B. Perry 
A. E. Phoutrides 
C. R. Post 
Wm. Kelly Prentice 
Walter W. Price 
Fleming H. Revell 
James S. Roberts 
John D. Rockefeller, Jr. 
George Roussos 
Herbert L. Satterlee 
Mortimer Schiff 
Walter Scott 
Alex. Sedgwick 
Miran Sevasly 
Finley J. Shepard 
Charles H. Sherrill 
John A. Sleicher 
Kendall K. Smith 
R. A. C. Smith 
Herbert W. Smyth 
Lispenard Stewart 
Wm. Rhinelander Stewart 
Joseph R. Taylor 
E. C. Travlos 
William J. Tully 
W. H. Van Allen 
Frank A, Vanderlip 
Andrew F. West 
Mrs. C. E. Whitmore 
Louis Wiley 
George T. Wilson 
P. J. Zachs 



